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The Global Snakebite Crisis—A Public Health Issue Misunderstood, Not Neglected
Wilderness & Environmental MedicineVol. 20Issue 1p43–56Published in issue: March, 2009- Ian D. Simpson
- Robert L. Norris
Cited in Scopus: 25The global problem of venomous snakebite continues to attract attention despite it being described as a “neglected” issue. The current focus of the World Health Organization (WHO) remains anti– snake venom quality, although “availability and sustainability” of supply are consistently described as the key issues. Sustainability of antivenom supply has been elusive, with cost and pricing in developing countries being cited as the major reasons. The current WHO approach fails to explore the cost issue, but rather focuses on quality improvements, which may well adversely affect the costs of a product already perceived to be ‘unaffordable.’ The reference to cost and price indicates a marketing-based perspective may well give more relevant solutions to the snakebite crisis. - Concept Articles
Snakes of Medical Importance in India: Is the Concept of the “Big 4” Still Relevant and Useful?
Wilderness & Environmental MedicineVol. 18Issue 1p2–9Published in issue: March, 2007- Ian D. Simpson
- Robert L. Norris
Cited in Scopus: 91Snakebites continue to be a major medical concern in India. However, there is very little hard evidence of a numerical nature to enable us to understand which species are responsible for mortality and morbidity. For many decades, the concept of the “Big 4” Snakes of Medical Importance has reflected the view that 4 species are responsible for Indian snakebite mortality—the Indian cobra (Naja naja), the common krait (Bungarus caeruleus), the Russell's viper (Daboia russelii) and the saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus).